MIL-STD-1105E (NOTICE 1)
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MIL-STD-1105E (NOTICE 1), MILITARY STANDARD: SANITARY STANDARDS FOR BAKERIES (16 SEP 1998) [REFER TO MIL-STD-3006]., MIL-STD-1105E, dated 27 December 1991, is hereby canceled without replacement.
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【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforSizeScalingofTensileStrengthsUsingWeibullStatisticsforAdvancedCeramics
【原文标准名称】:高级陶瓷用Weibull统计拉伸强度的尺寸缩放比例用标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMC1683-2008e1
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C28.01
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:高级陶瓷;经过检查的数据;有效区域;有效体积;金属断面的显微镜观察;断裂原因;尺寸缩放比例;强度;Weibull特性强度;Weibull模数;Weibull尺度参数;Weibull统计
【英文主题词】:advancedceramics;censoreddata;effectivearea;effectivevolume;fractography;fractureorigin;sizescaling;strength;Weibullcharacteristicstrength;Weibullmodulus;Weibullscaleparameter;Weibullstatistics
【摘要】:Advancedceramicsusuallydisplayalinearstress-strainbehaviortofailure.Lackofductilitycombinedwithflawsthathavevarioussizesandorientationstypicallyleadstolargescatterinfailurestrength.Strengthisnotadeterministicpropertybutinsteadreflectstheintrinsicfracturetoughnessandadistribution(sizeandorientation)offlawspresentinthematerial.Thisstandardisapplicabletobrittlemonolithicceramicswhichfailasaresultofcatastrophicpropagationofflaws.PossiblerisingR-curveeffectsarealsonotconsidered,butareinherentlyincorporatedintothestrengthmeasurements.Two-andthree-parameterformulationsexistfortheWeibulldistribution.Thisstandardisrestrictedtothetwo-parameterformulation.Tensileandflexuraltestspecimensarethemostcommonlyusedtestconfigurationsforadvancedceramics.Ring-on-ringandpressure-on-ringtestspecimenswhichhavemulti-axialstatesofstressarealsoincluded.Closed-formsolutionsfortheeffectivevolumeandeffectivesurfacesandtheWeibullmaterialscalefactorareincludedfortheseconfigurations.ThispracticealsoincorporatessizescalingmethodsforC-ringtestspecimensforwhichnumericalapproachesarenecessary.AgenericapproachforarbitraryshapedtestspecimensorcomponentsthatutilizesfiniteelementanalysesispresentedinAnnexA3.Thefractureoriginsoffailedtestspecimenscanbedeterminedusingfractographicanalysis.Thespatialdistributionofthesestrengthcontrollingflawscanbeoveravolumeoranarea(asinthecaseofsurfaceflaws).Thisstandardallowsfortheconversionofstrengthparametersassociatedwitheithertypeofspatialdistribution.Lengthscalingforstrengthcontrollingflawslocatedalongedgesofatestspecimenisnotcoveredinthispractice.ThescalingofstrengthwithsizeinaccordancewiththeWeibullmodelisbasedonseveralkeyassumptions(5).Itisassumedthatthesamespecificflawtypecontrolsstrengthinthevariousspecimenconfigurations.Itisassumedthatthematerialisuniform,homogeneous,andisotropic.Ifthematerialisacomposite,itisassumedthatthecompositephasesaresufficientlysmallthatthestructurebehavesonanengineeringscaleasahomogeneousandisotropicbody.Thecompositemustcontainasufficientquantityofuniformly-distributed,randomly-oriented,reinforcingelementssuchthatthematerialiseffectivelyhomogeneous.Whisker-toughenedceramiccompositesmayberepresentativeofthistypeofmaterial.Thispracticeisalsoapplicabletocompositeceramicsthatdonotexhibitanyappreciablebilinearornonlineardeformationbehavior.ThisstandardandtheconventionalWeibullstrengthscalingwithsizemaynotbesuitableforcontinuousfiber-reinforcedcompositeceramics.Thematerialisassumedtofractureinabrittlefashion,aconsequenceofstresscausingcatastrophicpropagationofflaws.Thematerialisassumedtobeconsistent(batchtobatch,daytoday,etc.).ItisassumedthatthestrengthdistributionfollowsaWeibulltwoparameterdistribution.Itisassumedthateachtestpiecehasastatisticallysignificantnumberofflawsandthattheyarerandomlydistributed.Itisassumedthattheflawsaresmallrelativetothespecimencrosssectionsize.Ifmultipleflawtypesarepresentandcontrolstrength,thenstrengthsmayscaledifferentlyforeachflawtype.ConsultPracticeC1239andtheexamplein9.1forfurtherguidanceonhowtoapplycensoredstatisticsinsuchcases.Itisalsoassumedthatthespecimenstressstateandthemaximumstressareaccuratelydetermined.Itisassumedthattheactualdatafromasetoffracturedspecimensareaccurateandprecise.(SeeTerminology【英文标准名称】:Electricalequipment;dataforshort-circuitcurrentcalculationsinaccordancewithIEC60909:1988
【原文标准名称】:电气设备按照IEC60909:1988进行短路电流计算用的数据
【标准号】:IEC/TR360909-2-1992
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:1992-08
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际电工委员会(IX-IEC)
【起草单位】:IEC/TC73
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:电流;电气工程;短路电流;数学计算;交流电流;电力设备;三相电流
【英文主题词】:Alternatingcurrent;Currents;Electricalengineering;Electricalinstallations;Mathematicalcalculations;Short-circuitcurrents;Three-phasecurrent
【摘要】:Comprisesdatacollectedfromdifferentcountriestobeusedwhennecessaryforcalculatingshort-circuitcurrentsinaccordancewithIEC781andIEC909.Ingeneraldataarepresentedintheformofcurvesheets.Foreachtypeofequipment(synchronous
【中国标准分类号】:F21
【国际标准分类号】:17_220_01
【页数】:83P;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【原文标准名称】:高级陶瓷用Weibull统计拉伸强度的尺寸缩放比例用标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMC1683-2008e1
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C28.01
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:高级陶瓷;经过检查的数据;有效区域;有效体积;金属断面的显微镜观察;断裂原因;尺寸缩放比例;强度;Weibull特性强度;Weibull模数;Weibull尺度参数;Weibull统计
【英文主题词】:advancedceramics;censoreddata;effectivearea;effectivevolume;fractography;fractureorigin;sizescaling;strength;Weibullcharacteristicstrength;Weibullmodulus;Weibullscaleparameter;Weibullstatistics
【摘要】:Advancedceramicsusuallydisplayalinearstress-strainbehaviortofailure.Lackofductilitycombinedwithflawsthathavevarioussizesandorientationstypicallyleadstolargescatterinfailurestrength.Strengthisnotadeterministicpropertybutinsteadreflectstheintrinsicfracturetoughnessandadistribution(sizeandorientation)offlawspresentinthematerial.Thisstandardisapplicabletobrittlemonolithicceramicswhichfailasaresultofcatastrophicpropagationofflaws.PossiblerisingR-curveeffectsarealsonotconsidered,butareinherentlyincorporatedintothestrengthmeasurements.Two-andthree-parameterformulationsexistfortheWeibulldistribution.Thisstandardisrestrictedtothetwo-parameterformulation.Tensileandflexuraltestspecimensarethemostcommonlyusedtestconfigurationsforadvancedceramics.Ring-on-ringandpressure-on-ringtestspecimenswhichhavemulti-axialstatesofstressarealsoincluded.Closed-formsolutionsfortheeffectivevolumeandeffectivesurfacesandtheWeibullmaterialscalefactorareincludedfortheseconfigurations.ThispracticealsoincorporatessizescalingmethodsforC-ringtestspecimensforwhichnumericalapproachesarenecessary.AgenericapproachforarbitraryshapedtestspecimensorcomponentsthatutilizesfiniteelementanalysesispresentedinAnnexA3.Thefractureoriginsoffailedtestspecimenscanbedeterminedusingfractographicanalysis.Thespatialdistributionofthesestrengthcontrollingflawscanbeoveravolumeoranarea(asinthecaseofsurfaceflaws).Thisstandardallowsfortheconversionofstrengthparametersassociatedwitheithertypeofspatialdistribution.Lengthscalingforstrengthcontrollingflawslocatedalongedgesofatestspecimenisnotcoveredinthispractice.ThescalingofstrengthwithsizeinaccordancewiththeWeibullmodelisbasedonseveralkeyassumptions(5).Itisassumedthatthesamespecificflawtypecontrolsstrengthinthevariousspecimenconfigurations.Itisassumedthatthematerialisuniform,homogeneous,andisotropic.Ifthematerialisacomposite,itisassumedthatthecompositephasesaresufficientlysmallthatthestructurebehavesonanengineeringscaleasahomogeneousandisotropicbody.Thecompositemustcontainasufficientquantityofuniformly-distributed,randomly-oriented,reinforcingelementssuchthatthematerialiseffectivelyhomogeneous.Whisker-toughenedceramiccompositesmayberepresentativeofthistypeofmaterial.Thispracticeisalsoapplicabletocompositeceramicsthatdonotexhibitanyappreciablebilinearornonlineardeformationbehavior.ThisstandardandtheconventionalWeibullstrengthscalingwithsizemaynotbesuitableforcontinuousfiber-reinforcedcompositeceramics.Thematerialisassumedtofractureinabrittlefashion,aconsequenceofstresscausingcatastrophicpropagationofflaws.Thematerialisassumedtobeconsistent(batchtobatch,daytoday,etc.).ItisassumedthatthestrengthdistributionfollowsaWeibulltwoparameterdistribution.Itisassumedthateachtestpiecehasastatisticallysignificantnumberofflawsandthattheyarerandomlydistributed.Itisassumedthattheflawsaresmallrelativetothespecimencrosssectionsize.Ifmultipleflawtypesarepresentandcontrolstrength,thenstrengthsmayscaledifferentlyforeachflawtype.ConsultPracticeC1239andtheexamplein9.1forfurtherguidanceonhowtoapplycensoredstatisticsinsuchcases.Itisalsoassumedthatthespecimenstressstateandthemaximumstressareaccuratelydetermined.Itisassumedthattheactualdatafromasetoffracturedspecimensareaccurateandprecise.(SeeTerminology【英文标准名称】:Electricalequipment;dataforshort-circuitcurrentcalculationsinaccordancewithIEC60909:1988
【原文标准名称】:电气设备按照IEC60909:1988进行短路电流计算用的数据
【标准号】:IEC/TR360909-2-1992
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:1992-08
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际电工委员会(IX-IEC)
【起草单位】:IEC/TC73
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:电流;电气工程;短路电流;数学计算;交流电流;电力设备;三相电流
【英文主题词】:Alternatingcurrent;Currents;Electricalengineering;Electricalinstallations;Mathematicalcalculations;Short-circuitcurrents;Three-phasecurrent
【摘要】:Comprisesdatacollectedfromdifferentcountriestobeusedwhennecessaryforcalculatingshort-circuitcurrentsinaccordancewithIEC781andIEC909.Ingeneraldataarepresentedintheformofcurvesheets.Foreachtypeofequipment(synchronous
【中国标准分类号】:F21
【国际标准分类号】:17_220_01
【页数】:83P;A4
【正文语种】:英语
